Civilian casualties from landmines and unexploded ordnance (UXO), remnants of the conflicts, are on the rise in war-torn Arakan (Rakhine) State.

Between January and February 16, at least five blasts from landmines and UXO were reported across Arakan State townships of Minbya, Maungdaw, and Ann, according to data compiled by DMG. The incidents left three people dead and four others injured, including children among the casualties.

Most explosions occurred while residents foraged for wild vegetables in forested areas. With scarce employment opportunities and rising commodity prices, many locals rely on nearby forests and mountains for sustenance despite the known risks posed by UXO.

“Junta troops used to be stationed on the hills, so we’re always cautious about landmines when collecting firewood. But with the conflict leaving us with no other work, we have no choice but to rely on the forest to survive,” said a resident of Kyauktaw Township.

The toll extends beyond immediate casualties. Many victims were primary breadwinners, and deaths or permanent injuries have left families facing severe economic hardships. Disability from UXO-related injuries has deepened long-term vulnerabilities in affected households.

The Arakan Army (AA) has undertaken demining operations in areas under its control but faces daunting challenges given the widespread contamination. Local social organizations are also running mine risk education (MRE) programs to raise awareness among communities.

“There are some landmine awareness programs, but they’re limited in remote areas because of financial and logistical challenges. Many explosions occur in frontier locations, so we need to expand these programs to reach rural communities,” said an MRE trainer in Arakan State.

As clashes for control of the towns continue across Arakan State, landmines and UXO remain a persistent and deadly threat to civilians, underscoring the urgent need for expanded demining and public education efforts.